What happens to equipment if it is subjected to fault current above its design capacity?

If equipment is subjected to fault current above its design capacity, it will likely sustain extensive damage. Electrical systems and components are designed to operate within specified current limits, adhering to safety and performance standards. When the fault current exceeds these limits, it can result in overheating, insulation breakdown, and physical damage to the equipment. This damage might affect crucial components such as circuit breakers, transformers, and wiring, leading to malfunction or complete failure of the equipment.

The implications of exceeding design capacity are significant, as sustained high current can cause welding of contacts in circuit breakers, damaging delicate electronic circuits, and possibly leading to fire hazards. Therefore, understanding the risk associated with fault currents is essential for maintaining the integrity and reliability of electrical systems.