How do temporary inrush or surge currents typically affect an electrical system?

Temporary inrush or surge currents can temporarily increase the current flowing through an electrical system when equipment is first energized or when certain loads are applied. These currents are usually much higher than normal operating currents and can indeed create harmless overloads that the electrical system is designed to handle for short periods.

Electrical systems, including circuit breakers and fuses, are often rated to tolerate these brief surges without sustaining damage, as long as they don't exceed the system's limits for too long. This is why option B is appropriate in this context: the systems are typically capable of handling these surge currents as part of their operational design.

However, consistently exceeding the system's surge capacity can lead to complications, but for the context of the question regarding the typical impact, these overloads are transient and do not result in immediate or permanent damage. It is essential to note that while these currents do not increase the efficiency of the system or have no relevance to performance, their proper management is crucial to maintaining the stability and longevity of electrical systems.